GLOSSARY

Cognitive Map (aka Cognitive Image Map)

A cognitive map is the mental model a person builds of a place: landmarks, paths, decision points and how they connect.

GIVING EACH LEVEL AN IDENTITY (SECTION, SCHEMATIC)4Blue · Ocean3Green · Forest2Gold · Desert1Red · CanyonLIFTDistinct color, number andtheme on every levelOne visible core with stairsand elevator as the landmarkSame cues at the entry, inthe lobby and on columns
People build a mental map of a garage from landmarks and distinct cues. A different color, number and theme on each level, repeated at every decision point, helps drivers remember where they parked. Schematic.

Parking garages are hard places to form one. Levels look alike, ceilings are low, views are blocked and people are in a hurry when they arrive. Good wayfinding design gives them something to remember and something to follow, so they can find the exit on the way in and their car on the way back.

What helps people form a cognitive map

  • Distinct levels. Colors, numbers, themes or names that differ floor to floor.
  • Landmarks. Stair and elevator cores that are easy to see, art, daylight or views out.
  • Simple circulation. Predictable routes and consistent decision points. See circulation system.
  • Repeated cues. The same symbols at the entry, in the lobby and on the pillars. See trip segment approach.

The Parkonomics view

If a driver needs a photo of a pillar to find their car, the garage did not give them a map to remember. Design the cues first, then the signs.

Related terms: Wayfinding, Trip Segment Approach, Legibility, Graphic Panel, Dynamic Signage, Parking Guidance System